As with the rest of the UK, railway mania swept through Essex in the 1840s and beyond, with new railway lines being added right up until 1913.
Map makers were keen to add these to their maps, so keen that they often added proposed routes before they were finalised or indeed possibly ever built. This means that sometimes you will see lines shown that have smooth flowing lines - suspicious of a proposed line - or lines on maps published well before the lines opened. Sometimes these lines were not in fact built, and of course some lines having opened then closed, and these can also take a time before publishers deleted them from the maps - even the OS was a bit slow at this.
The upshot of all this is that the presence (or absence) of a line on a map is not necessarily a good guide to the date of the map. The classic examples of these are the many Moules being sold as being "1837", when they show railway lines built in the 1840s and 1850s, and the maps of J&C Walker that have railway lines added in freehand manuscript to the printed maps as new lines opened and old printed stock was used.
Anyway, thanks to the excellent ERO publication Railways in Essex to 1923 and various railway books here is a list of the railway lines in Essex with their authorisation (ie Parliamentary Act passed) and opening dates.
Auth'd | Open'd | Events in chronological order of opening |
---|---|---|
1834 | - | London to Norwich proposal |
1835 | - | London to Cambridge authorised |
1836 | - | London to Norwich authorised | 1836 | - | Romford to Thameshaven authorised, but never built; revoked 1856 |
1836 | 1839 | Mile End to Romford opened |
1835 | 1840 | Stratford to Broxbourne opened |
1836 | 1840 | Shoreditch to Mile End opened, and Romford to Brentwood opened |
1837 | 1840 | Blackwall Rail (Minories to Blackwall) |
1835 | 1842 | Broxbourne to Bishops Stortford opened |
1836 | 1843 | Brentwood to Chelmsford to Colchester opened |
1841 | 1843 | Broxbourne to Hertford opened |
1844-48 | - | "Railway Mania" - many lines proposed, including lines to Maldon, Witham, Braintree, Stour Valley, Sudbury & Halstead. |
1835 | 1844 | Bishops Stortford to Newport opened |
1835 | 1845 | Newport to Cambridge opened |
1836&44 | 1846 | Colchester to Ipswich opened |
1844/45 | 1846/7 | Stratford to North Woolwich opened |
1846 | 1847 | Colchester to Hythe opened |
- | 1847 | Hadleigh branch line opened (in Suffolk) |
1846 | - | Ilford to Ray House, and Layton Stn to Ray House (& on to Epping rather than Loughton) - never built |
1846 | 1848 | Witham to Maldon opened and Witham to Braintree opened (they are two lines) |
1846 | 1848 | Great Chesterford to Newmarket opened (but see 1851 below) |
1837 | 1849 | North Kent line opened (shown on many Essex maps) |
1846 | 1849 | Stratford-le-Bow to Stepney (mid Blackwall Rail) opened |
1846 | 1849 | Low Edmonton fork north westwards to Enfield opened |
1846 | 1849 | Marks Tey to Sudbury opened |
1850? | 1850 | From Stratford & Stratford-le-Bow north-westwards, then west. |
1850 | 1851 | East Blackwall Rail to Stanford-le-Bow opened |
- | 1851 | Great Chesterford to Newmarket closed (!), but stays on OS maps for decades, despite track being removed by 1858. |
- | 1852 | Shepreth to Royston opened (Cambridgeshire) |
1847 | 1854 | Manningtree to Harwich opened |
1852 | 1854 | Forest Gate to Tilbury opened, and on to Mucking |
1852 | 1855 | 2nd line to North Woolwich opened after Royal Victoria Dock opened |
1852 | 1855 | Mucking to Pitsea opened |
1853 | 1855 | Spur line from Mucking to Thameshaven opened |
1852 | 1856 | Pitsea to Southend opened |
1853 | 1856 | Stratford to Loughton opened |
1856 | 1858 | Barking via Stepney to Fenchurch Street opened |
1856 | 1860 | Chappel to Halstead opened |
1859 | 1861 | Halstead to Castle Hedingham opened |
1859 | 1862 | Castle Hedingham to Great Yeldham opened |
1859 | 1863 | Great Yeldham to Haverhill opened |
1859 | 1863 | Hythe to Wivenhoe opened |
1858 | 1863 | St Margarets to Buntingford opened |
1847 | 1865 | Sudbury to Clare and Sudbury to Bury St Edmunds opened |
1859 | 1865 | Loughton to Ongar opened |
1860 | - | Ongar to Great Dunmow authorised, but never built |
1860 | 1865 | Shelford via Haverhill to Clare opened |
1860 | - | Ongar to Great Dunmow authorised, but never built |
1861 | 1865 | Audley End to Saffron Walden opened |
1861 | 1866 | Wivenhoe to Brightlingsea opened |
1864? | 1866 | Wivenhoe to Thorpe le Soken opened |
1863 | 1867 | Saffron Walden to Bartlow opened |
1864 | 1867 | Thorpe le Soken to Walton-on-the-Naze opened |
- | 1867 | Colchester St Botolph's station opened |
1861 | 1869 | Bishops Stortford to Braintree opened |
1864 | 1870 | Walthamstow branch opened |
1864 | 1872 | Walthamstow to Bethnal Green extension opened, and Bethnel Green northwards to Low Edmonton opened |
1871 | 1872 | Northern Woolwich dock extension to Beckton opened |
1864 | 1873 | Walthamstow to Chingford opened |
- | 1874-75 | Liverpool Street opened |
1880 | 1880 | Central Woolwich dock extension opened after Royal Albert Dock opened |
1877 | 1882 | Thorpe-le-Soken to Clacton opened |
- | 1882 | Parkestone Quay station opened |
1882 | 1884 | Southend to Shoeburyness opened |
1882 | 1885 | Barking to Upminster opened |
- | 1886 | Tilbury Dock opened |
1882 | 1886 | Upminster to Laindon opened |
1882 | 1888 | Laindon to Pitsea opened |
1883 | 1888 | Shenfield to Wickford opened |
1883 | 1889 | Wickford to Southend, Wickford to Malden, & Wickford to Southminster all opened |
1883 | 1892 | Grays Thurrock to Upminster opened |
1883 | 1893 | Upminster to Romford opened |
1890 | 1894 | Forest Gate to Tottenham link opened |
1899 | 1901 | Corringham light railway opened |
1895? | 1903 | Chigwell-Fairlop loop line opened |
1901 | 1904 | Kelvedon to Tollesbury light railway opened |
1901 | 1907 | Tollesbury to Tollesbury pier opened |
1906 | 1913 | Elsenham to Thaxted light railway opened |